Yuliya Nashchekina
Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Title: Poly(L,L-lactide)/collagen/calcium glycerylphosphate composite scaffold seeded with mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells for bone tissue regeneration
Biography
Biography: Yuliya Nashchekina
Abstract
Large bone defects caused by injuries, bone loss, infected nonunions are still a major challenge in orthopaedic and trauma patients. Human bone tissue has both organic and inorganic components. It should also be noted that 95% of bone organic components is collagen I type. A large variety of collagen scaffolds has been used as carriers in bone tissue engineering approaches. However, collagen scaffolds have weak mechanical properties for tissue replacement applications, especially for bone regeneration. Although several alternatives have been proposed, no composite polymer material is yet available to promote effective bone regeneration. The ideal polymer scaffolds must stimulate bone regeneration. Hence, the goal of this study was to generate novel composite scaffolds for tissue engineering aimed at skull bone regeneration. More specifically, we combined polylactide scaffold, collagen gel, GP and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The composite scaffold’s efficacy was evaluated based on in vitro cell cultivation and the ability of BMSCs to extra cellular matrix protein and osteocalcin synthesize, whereas its in vivo performance was evaluated based on experimental regeneration of skull bone defects in rabbits. Polylactide scaffolds with a pore size of 50-250 μm were fabricated. The biocompatibility of polylactide scaffolds was improved by collagen gel filling. It is shown that collagen gel and calcium glycerylphosphate promotes the accumulation of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin by cells. Histological analysis after composite scaffolds with cells implantation in the bone defect of the rabbit clearly demonstrated the efficiency of bone regenerative processes.